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Construction machinery is gradually recovering, but uncertain factors affecting the economic operation of the industry still exist. Experts predict that the machinery industry will continue to face severe challenges. With the gradual implementation of national macroeconomic policies, the macroeconomic situation is gradually improving, and the downward trend of the machinery industry will also gradually stabilize. In addition, positive factors for industry development are constantly accumulating, and some enterprises, industries, and regions that started early in structural adjustment will accelerate their recovery. Technology leads the future, innovation drives development. So, what are the mainstream technological trends in the construction machinery industry? Perhaps those who are closely related to the construction machinery industry also want to know about these issues.   Now the editor has specially compiled a list of the top ten technological trends in the future of the construction machinery industry for you, let's listen to the pulse of the times in the development of construction machinery together.   1、 Modular design and virtual manufacturing   Modular design includes the previously mentioned componentization and generalization, as well as software modularization in the design process. The modularization of design software allows different systems or components to be assembled and parameters to be changed on a computer, greatly accelerating the design and development progress of new products. Information technology and global economic integration have created conditions for the virtualization of the machine manufacturing industry. A clear trend among major multinational companies in construction machinery is that manufacturers concentrate their efforts on development research and equipment assembly, no longer manufacturing components, but pushing them to component suppliers. Product host manufacturers, component suppliers, and research and development institutions collaborate with each other, leveraging their creative spirit to jointly develop and produce marketable products,   2、 Personalization and multifunctionality coexist   The development of engineering categories, materials, scales, and construction environments have put forward personalized and multifunctional requirements for construction machinery, and the development of modern design technology and flexible manufacturing technology has created conditions for the realization of product personalization and multifunctionality. Personalized products are designed to adapt to a specific working condition, and multi-purpose use of one machine is another direction in the development of construction machinery, which undoubtedly improves the utilization rate of equipment.

1) The maintenance of machinery must strictly follow the system of hanging warning signs prohibiting power on and off, and setting up dedicated personnel for supervision. After the mechanical power is cut off, it must be confirmed that its inertia operation has been completely eliminated before starting work. After the mechanical maintenance is completed and before the trial operation, a detailed inspection of the site must be carried out to confirm that all personnel in the mechanical parts have been completely evacuated before the gate can be closed. During maintenance and testing, it is strictly prohibited for anyone to stay inside the equipment for vehicle counting.   2) Machinery such as rubber mixing machines that are frequently touched by human hands must have intact emergency braking devices, and the position of the brake button must be easily accessible to the operator within the range of mechanical operation; Each transmission part of mechanical equipment must have reliable protective devices; Each manhole, feeding port, screw conveyor and other parts must have cover plates, guardrails and warning signs; Keep the work environment clean and hygienic.   3) The layout of each mechanical switch must be reasonable and meet two standards: first, it must be convenient for the operator to stop the machine urgently; The second is to avoid accidentally starting other devices.   4) When cleaning up accumulated materials, poking stuck materials, and applying belt wax to machinery, the system of hanging warning signs when shutting down and cutting off power should be followed.   5) Unauthorized personnel are strictly prohibited from entering the machinery operation site with high risk factors. If non operators of the machinery must enter due to personal reasons, they must first contact the machinery operator on duty and have safety measures in place before agreeing to enter.   6) Personnel operating various types of machinery must undergo professional training, be able to master the basic knowledge of the equipment's performance, pass the examination, and hold a certificate to work. In online homework, it is necessary to operate carefully, strictly follow relevant rules and regulations, use labor protection equipment correctly, and strictly prohibit unlicensed personnel from operating mechanical equipment.

1） Dangerous parts of mechanical equipment   Mechanical equipment can cause various injuries such as collisions, pincers, cuts, and entanglements.   The meshing points between rotating components and between rotating components and fixed components;   Proximity type;   By type;   Unidirectional sliding.   （2） Safety protection measures for mechanical transmission mechanisms   The common transmission mechanisms on machine tools include gear meshing mechanisms, belt transmission mechanisms, couplings, etc. It is necessary to protect the dangerous parts of the transmission mechanism.   The safety technical measures taken are generally divided into three categories: direct (during design), indirect (protective devices), and directive (safety regulations, setting signs).   Safety protection of gear transmission. The gear transmission mechanism must be equipped with a fully enclosed protective device, and cannot be used without a protective cover;   Safety protection of belt drive. The protective cover of the belt transmission device can use a metal skeleton protective net; The protection of the belt transmission mechanism can be achieved by covering the entire belt or by using protective railings.   Safety protection of couplings. The safety requirement for the coupling is that there is no prominent part, that is, the use of a safety coupling; The fundamental solution is to add a protective cover, the most common of which is an Ω - shaped protective cover.

1） Dangerous parts of mechanical equipment   Mechanical equipment can cause various injuries such as collisions, pincers, cuts, and entanglements.   The meshing points between rotating components and between rotating components and fixed components;   Proximity type;   By type;   Unidirectional sliding.   （2） Safety protection measures for mechanical transmission mechanisms   The common transmission mechanisms on machine tools include gear meshing mechanisms, belt transmission mechanisms, couplings, etc. It is necessary to protect the dangerous parts of the transmission mechanism.   The safety technical measures taken are generally divided into three categories: direct (during design), indirect (protective devices), and directive (safety regulations, setting signs).   Safety protection of gear transmission. The gear transmission mechanism must be equipped with a fully enclosed protective device, and cannot be used without a protective cover;   Safety protection of belt drive. The protective cover of the belt transmission device can use a metal skeleton protective net; The protection of the belt transmission mechanism can be achieved by covering the entire belt or by using protective railings.   Safety protection of couplings. The safety requirement for the coupling is that there is no prominent part, that is, the use of a safety coupling; The fundamental solution is to add a protective cover, the most common of which is an Ω - shaped protective cover.

Hard chrome plating on piston rods is a relatively thick chromium coating on the surface of steel substrates, with a thickness generally above 10-30 μ m. It utilizes the characteristics of chromium to improve the hardness, wear resistance, temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance of the parts. The process characteristics of hard chrome plating on piston rods: 1) The cathode current efficiency is as high as 25% to 35%, and the deposition rate is very fast; 2) The coating has high hardness (900-1200HV), presents uniform and dense network cracks, and has good wear resistance; It can generate microcracks, with the number of microcracks reaching 800-2000 per centimeter (adjusted as needed), improving corrosion resistance. The piston rod can withstand salt spray for more than 500 hours. The shock absorber rod can withstand salt spray for more than 500 hours. 3) The dispersion ability of the plating solution is good, the thickness of the coating is uniform, and it is not easy to produce rough blisters. The appearance of the chromium layer is shiny and smooth; 4) The adhesion between the coating and the substrate is strong, and the pre-treatment is similar to traditional processes, making the operation easier than traditional processes; 5) The allowable range of trivalent chromium content in the plating solution is wide, and it is usually not necessary to stop electrolytic treatment of trivalent chromium; 6) The plating solution does not contain fluoride or rare earth elements, and there is no corrosion in the low electric zone of the workpiece. 2、 Process flow 1. Processing process of hydraulic piston rod The connecting rod is made of 35 steel, and the processing technology is: cold drawing forming, turning, continuous medium frequency induction quenching, pre grinding outer circle, pre precision grinding outer circle, precision grinding outer circle, ultra precision machining, chrome plating, dehydrogenation tempering, ultra precision grinding. In order to improve the relationship between the surface quality and corrosion resistance of the piston rod, an ultra precision machining process is added before chrome plating. 2. Electroplating process flow of piston rod Pre plating inspection - mounting fixtures - chemical degreasing - electrolytic degreasing - water washing - activated acid washing - water washing - reverse etching treatment - chrome plating on piston rod - recycled water washing - water washing - unloading fixtures - inspection

If the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is pulled and not dealt with in a timely manner, it may affect normal use in mild cases and render the hydraulic cylinder inoperable in severe cases. Our repair method is to use local grinding and polishing to repair lighter scratches; For heavier scratches, welding and manual grinding methods are used to repair them.   Formation of pull marks: After disassembling the crane, it was found that one of the variable amplitude cylinder piston rods was severely pulled, with 6 pull marks arranged side by side. The main cause of piston rod strain is that after the dust ring becomes brittle and falls off in a block shape, it not only loses its dust-proof function, but also accumulates a lot of dust and debris, causing the piston rod to directly rub against impurities, resulting in the piston rod being pulled and the scar scratching the rubber sealing component of the cylinder mouth, causing serious leakage of the hydraulic cylinder.   Repair requirements: The filler and base material must be firmly and smoothly bonded; Seasoning must be durable and easy to process by hand; Manual processing must ensure that the diameter error of the piston rod is less than 0.06mm. After analysis, it has been decided to use J422 welding rod as the filler. Because acidic welding rods are not sensitive to rust, oil stains, and moisture, and are less likely to produce hydrogenation pores; Good craftsmanship and easy operation; Beautiful weld formation; The material has moderate hardness and is easy to manually process; The arc is stable, the melting depth is large, and it is firmly bonded to the base material.   Repair process:   (1) First, clean the area to be welded, and then surround the scratch with wet mud.   (2) Select a welding rod with a diameter of 2.5mm, adjust the current of the welding machine to 120A, and use the straight line running method to smoothly weld.   (3) After all welding is completed, remove the mud and slag, use a coarse file to file along the circumference of the piston rod, and leave a machining allowance of 0.1-0.2mm.   (4) A cylinder with an outer diameter of 185mm, an inner diameter of 125mm, and a length of 150mm is used as a reference mold (piston rod outer diameter of 125mm), which is sawed along the axis. One is a rough mold and the other is a precision mold.   (5) Apply a thin layer of red ink on the inner wall of the rough mold, then press the rough mold against the repair area of the piston rod and run it back and forth along the axis several times, and then use a fine file to remove the heavier red ink on the piston rod. Repeatedly filing in this way, leaving a machining allowance of 0.04-0.07mm in the end.   (6) Then dip a 320 grit sand bar in kerosene and use a precision mold to grind the piston rod to the specified size.   (7) Finally, dip the back of the sandpaper in kerosene for manual polishing. After measurement, the maximum error is only 0.03mm.   After one and a half years of use, the slewing hydraulic cylinder of the crane has never experienced any leakage, and the piston rod is smooth and rust free.

Construction machinery is gradually recovering, but uncertain factors affecting the economic operation of the industry still exist. Experts predict that the machinery industry will continue to face severe challenges. With the gradual implementation of national macroeconomic policies, the macroeconomic situation is gradually improving, and the downward trend of the machinery industry will also gradually stabilize. In addition, positive factors for industry development are constantly accumulating, and some enterprises, industries, and regions that started early in structural adjustment will accelerate their recovery. Technology leads the future, innovation drives development. So, what are the mainstream technological trends in the construction machinery industry? Perhaps those who are closely related to the construction machinery industry also want to know about these issues.   Now the editor has specially compiled a list of the top ten technological trends in the future of the construction machinery industry for you, let's listen to the pulse of the times in the development of construction machinery together.   1、 Modular design and virtual manufacturing   Modular design includes the previously mentioned componentization and generalization, as well as software modularization in the design process. The modularization of design software allows different systems or components to be assembled and parameters to be changed on a computer, greatly accelerating the design and development progress of new products. Information technology and global economic integration have created conditions for the virtualization of the machine manufacturing industry. A clear trend among major multinational companies in construction machinery is that manufacturers concentrate their efforts on development research and equipment assembly, no longer manufacturing components, but pushing them to component suppliers. Product host manufacturers, component suppliers, and research and development institutions collaborate with each other, leveraging their creative spirit to jointly develop and produce marketable products,   2、 Personalization and multifunctionality coexist   The development of engineering categories, materials, scales, and construction environments have put forward personalized and multifunctional requirements for construction machinery, and the development of modern design technology and flexible manufacturing technology has created conditions for the realization of product personalization and multifunctionality. Personalized products are designed to adapt to a specific working condition, and multi-purpose use of one machine is another direction in the development of construction machinery, which undoubtedly improves the utilization rate of equipment.

The transmission ratio accuracy of belt transmission is worse than that of gear meshing transmission, but when overloaded, the belt slips, providing overload protection. The belt transmission mechanism has smooth transmission, low noise, simple structure, and easy maintenance. Therefore, belt transmission mechanisms are widely used in mechanical transmission. However, due to the tendency of static discharge caused by belt friction, it cannot be used in places where combustion or explosion is prone to occur.   The dangerous parts of the belt transmission mechanism are the belt joints and the places where the belt enters the pulley, so they need to be protected.   The distance between the belt protective cover and the belt should not be less than 50mm, and the design should be reasonable without affecting the operation of the machine. Generally, transmission mechanisms should be equipped with protective covers below 2 meters above the ground. But in the following three situations, protection should be taken even if it is more than 2 meters: the distance between pulleys is more than 3 meters. The belt width is above 15cm. The speed of belt rotation is above 9m/min. This way, in case the belt breaks, it won't fall and hurt people.   The joint of the belt must be firm and reliable. When installing the belt, ensure that the tension is appropriate. The protection of the belt transmission mechanism can be achieved by covering the entire belt or by using protective railings.